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Forms of violence

There are different forms of violence. Those affected by violence usually experience several forms at the same time.

Physical violence includes all acts in which pain and/or injuries are inflicted on a person through direct physical attack. This can be done by hitting, kicking, pushing or holding.

It is prohibited and can be prosecuted.

Physical violence sometimes happens at home, at school or on the street.

Psychological violence is often not directly visible, but is nevertheless very damaging.

It is also prohibited and can have serious consequences for those affected. It often begins with insults, verbal abuse and devaluation. Psychological violence can escalate into coercion or threats. But it can also involve constant persuasion, blaming you for your own outbursts of anger or your own alcohol consumption, for example. Psychological violence deliberately targets your self-esteem and attempts to weaken your confidence in your own perception. Sentences such as «you're sick», «you're just imagining it», «nobody will believe you» are examples of this. 

Psychological violence is not comprehensively included in the Victim Assistance Act. According to the Victim Assistance Act, there must be a criminal offense in the form of threats or coercion, for example. 

If you are unsure whether you are affected by psychological violence, give us a call and we will be happy to clarify the situation with you.

Stalking is when someone constantly follows or harasses another person. This can be through constant phone calls, messages or repeated appearances at the person's home.

Cyberstalking happens on the internet. For example, by sending persistent messages via social media, monitoring your location (e.g. on Snapchat) or creating fake profiles to get in touch with you. 

Both can cause stress, fear and insecurity for those affected. Stalking and cyberstalking are prohibited and can be reported and prosecuted from 2026.

Sexualized violence is when someone is forced to perform sexual acts that he or she does not want. The act is carried out without the consent and against the will of the person concerned. This can happen through touching, but also through words (suggestive language).

Sexualized violence can have serious psychological and physical consequences. It is prohibited and punishable by law.